Lecture 1 - Fall 2007
· Punch cards used to hold FORTRAN code were originally designed by Herman Hollerith and used in the 1880 census
· ANSI stands for American National Standards Institute
· ISO stands for International Standard Organization
· John Backus biography from Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Backus
· John Backus obituary from New York Times
· FORTRAN IV information from Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortran#FORTRAN_IV
· FORTRAN coding form from Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:FortranCodingForm.png
· retro code examples from Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortran_code_examples
· FORTRAN is an example of an imperative or procedural language. The terms procedural and imperative are synonyms.
· Both compilation and interpretation are translation techniques.
· In general, programs that are compiled execute faster because they do not have to be re-translated to machine language every time they are run.
· Programs that are interpreted are translated to machine language every time they are run.
· Java is an example of a hybrid language. Its source code is compiled to byte code and then the byte code is interpreted when the program is executed.
· It is important to understand the three steps that the computer carries out on each instruction it processes: it fetches the instruction; it decodes the instruction; and then it executes the instruction.
· A FORTRAN FUNCTION returns only 1 value and should always return a value and it does it by assignment to the FUNCTION name.
· A FORTRAN SUBROUTINE may return 0, 1, or many values and the values are returned through the parameter list.
· Early FORTRAN did not have recursive capabilities.
· In FORTRAN, array data is stored linearly in column-major order.
