Lecture 4 – September 4th , 2008
In today's lecture we confirmed that the final will be held on December 10th, Wednesday, in ISAT/CS 236 at 7pm.
I expect that you will read through the materials I am posting. You are responsible for knowing what is in them on quizzes and on tests.
In today's lecture we looked at a few of the slides from Tuesday's lecture that had been clarified since then.
We mentioned the most likely exceptions that can be avoided:
l attempting to divide by zero
l an array index that is out of bounds
l a specified file that could not be found
l a requested I/O operation that could not be completed normally
l attempting to follow a null reference
We looked at slides on IO and Style
We looked at the following code examples illustrating the use of try/catch blocks and of opening and reading from files.
ReadFromFile
ReadFromFile2
ReadFromFile3
ReadFromFile4
ReadFromFile5
ReadFromFile6
InputProblem
InputProblemNo
InputProblemAvoided
We reviewed the meaning of the word static and the word final.
l A static method is one that is invoked through its class name, instead of through and object of that class. (page 199 Lewis, DePasquale, Chase)
l Variables can be static as well.
l Local variables are declared inside a method.
l Instance variables are declared in a class but not inside a method. The term is used because each instance of the class has its own version of the variable.
l A static variable sometimes called a class variable is shared among all instances of a class. There is only one copy of a static variable for all objects of the class. Therefore, changing the value of a static variable i one object changes it for all of the objects of that class.
I have been incorrectly using the
term class variable when I should
have been using the term instance variable or class field or class
attribute although these terms are not completely standardized.
l A static class member belongs to the class, not objects instantiated from the class
l An instance method performs an operation on a specific instance of the class.
l Static fields and static methods belong to the class instead of an instance of a class.
l
Look at the following code from our text: Countable.java
o Note
line 7: making
it private means that the variable cannot be accessed outside the class.
o Note
also: StaticDemo.java from
our text uses Countable.java