Additional notes about Ada

when you output an integer in Ada, it uses a default width

ada.integer_text_io.put (6);

ada.integer_text_io.put (item => 6); -- this statement is identical to the statement above9

alternatively, you can control the number of spaces it uses

ada.integer_text_io.put (item => 6, width => 5);

=> is called an arrow in Ada

<> is called a box in Ada

-- Ada’s predefined subtype positive

subtype positive is integer range 1.. integer’last;

The ada String type is declared as an unconstrained array of characters;

-- Ada’s predefined type string

Type string is array (positive range <>) of character;

-- a declaration of a string variable in Ada

-- when a string variable is declared it must be constrained

-- lowest index allowed is 1 because declaration specifies that the range is positive

MyName : string(1..5);

-- a declaration of a string constant -- doesn’t require specification of range. Range is taken from declaration

MyConstantString : constant String := “however many characters in this string”;

-- a number of the examples show Ada’s exception handling capabilities

-- user can define own exceptions

-- exceptions in Ada are raised

-- exception handlers begin with the reserved word exception

-- each individual handler begins with the reserved word when

-- after an exception is handled, control leaves the block in which the exception occurred which is why if the exception handler is inside a loop and

-- you don’t want to leave the loop after handling the exception you need a begin end pair around it