HOMEWORK assigned August 26, 2004

What do we need to know to write a program in a new language?

Basic syntax
How to call and write function – if any
Key words – if any
How to declare variables – if necessary
How to comment
Is there online documentation available?
How to write conditional statements – (i.e. if statements) – if any
How to compile ? - not neceeary for writing the programs – varies from operating system to operating system
How to write loops – if any
How to handle input
How to handle output
What support is there for abstraction – if any – does it support classes?
Are there libraries available?
What kinds of primitive types are there?
How to link files – if we can
How do we run the program?
How to dynamically allocate memory – if it’s possible
How to create user’s own data types – if possible
What is the scope of variables
What paradigm is it representative of?
How are the components of the program laid out (where are the functions in relation to the main program, etc.)
What arithmetic operators are avaioable?
What is the order of operations?
How to use inheritance – if it is present in the language
Are there error-handling capabilities?
Is there a required header and what does it look like?
Does it have composite data structures like arrays? Any others?

We distinguish between key words and reserved words and pre-defined terms

Reserved words can only be used in the way that they can be used (eg. They can not be used as variaboe, function or class names)

Keywords have a special meaning when they are used in a particular way but can be used as variable names, functionnames, class namesl

Pre-defined terms have a meaning in context but that mean can be superseded by the programmerl If it is, the original meanin is lost.

FORTRAN has no reserved words

Early FORTRAN was a column oriented language

Original FORTRAN only used upper case letters

Variables had at most 6 characters – first character had to be alphabetic – subsequent characters could be alpha numeric

Spaces in variable names were ignored

MOTHER M OTHER M O T H E R

Punch cards had 80 columns

Column 1 held a comment indicator – C or !

Columns 2-5 were for numeric labels

Column 6 indicated a continuation card –

Columns 7-72 were for FORTRAN statements

Columns 73-80 used to properly sequence the lines of code in the program

Statements do not have to be numbered

Numbered statements do not have to be in order.l;

Don’t have to declare them

If they begin with A-H or O-Z they are real numbers

If they begin with I-N they are integers

Logical data had to be declared

There was no character manipulation (I;e; string manipulatipon)

There were two logical values .TRUE. .FALSE.

You could override the default declarations for integers and reals with explicit declarations

What is the assignment operator- if any?

+ - * / ** IFIX( ) SQRT ( ) , etc.

DO 10 I – 1,5, 1

……

…..

10 CONTINUE